Linux

Linux is a free operating system that can be used instead of paid-for operating systems such as Microsoft Windows.

Linux is very versatile. It is widely used for servers that support the internet, for example for web servers and email servers. It can be used on a PC or laptop instead of Windows, or on servers running business systems. It is also used for specialised computers: on hand-held computers, supercomputers, and inside consumer devices such as digital TV recorders.

Linux is provided by a large number of organisations and individuals. Linux is made available in "distributions" (also called "distros"). Some of the most popular distributions are: Ubuntu, SUSE, Fedora, Debian, Mandriva, and Slackware. Most distributions are free to download, use and copy, and can be obtained on CD or DVD for a small cost. Some Linux distributions, such as Red Hat, are provided with a paid-for support contract.

A huge amount of high-quality software is available for Linux, most of it free. For Linux-based PCs, this includes alternatives to all the common Microsoft office products. For Linux-based servers, this includes all the software required to run internet servers, or to run file and print servers in an office. Most Linux distributions let you download more software from secure libraries held on the internet, and can keep software up-to-date automatically.

Paid-for software, such as the Oracle Database, is also available to run on Linux.

There are many strong opinions when Linux is compared with Windows. The most common view is that Linux is more powerful and more secure, but that Windows is easier to use.

Linux is covered very fully on the web. For an in-depth account, start with the Wikipedia article on Linux.

Management tips

  • In most organisations, the biggest opportunity for using Linux is to replace Windows-based servers.
  • Most organisations feel that Linux-based PCs are not yet ready to replace Windows-based PCs.
  • Linux can be particularly effective if you need a large number of specialised computers, for example for in-store kiosks.